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Tibetan
is the language of Tibet and adjoining districts
of India. It does not properly fall within
the scope of this survey. Important dialects
are. however, spoken in British India, and
it will therefore, be necessary to give
a short account of Tibetan and its sub dialects.
Name of the language: The language of Tibetan
has usually been designated Tibetan. The
origin of the name Tibet is obscure, and
it would be waste of time to enter upon
the various explanations propounded by different
scholars. It came to Europe through the
Mohammedans of Western Asia. The Tibetans
themselves called their country Bod-yut
and their language Bod-skad, pronounced
Bho-ka in central Tibetan. A Tibetan is
Bod-pa, and this word has been changed to
Bhutta, Bhotiâ etc., by the Hindus.
The name 'Bhotiâ' is applied by them
to the Tibetans living on the borders between
India and Tibet, while the people of Tibet
proper are called Huniyas, and the country
Hundes.
Dialects: Tibetans is not a uniform language
over the territory within which it is spoken.
The classical dialect of Tibetan literature
represents the stage of development at which
the language had arrived in time when it
was first reduced to writing.They do not
fall within the scope of this survey and
it will, in this place, be sufficient to
mention that they from the link which connects
Tibetan with the Tibeto-Burman language
of Assam and further India.
Tibetan was already a literary language
in the early part of the 7th century.
The Tibetan alphabet, which was introduced
in the seventh century was probably based
on an older alphabet which had, in its turn,
been developed after some old Indian script.
This may be well known from the writing
of the Rev. H. Jacske's in the introduction
to his "Tibetan English Dictionary"
where he sums up the history of Tibetan
literature.
"The first Tibetan writings which were
brought to Europe were found in South Siberia
and sent to Rome and Paris by the Emperor
Peter the Great in 1721. They were recognized
as Tibetan by Lacroze, Theophilus Siegfried
Bayer, Gerhard, Friedrich Muller, and others
and the French orientalists Etienne and
Michel Fourmont made an attempt at translating
them. Lacroze also published a note on the
Tibetan alphabet."
"The Tibetan alphabet is usually stated
to have been adopted from India by Thom-mi-sam-bhota,
Minister of king Shrongg-btsan-sgam-po,
about the year 632. It is, however, possible
that the art of writing was known in Tibetan
at an earlier period."
From the above data, it may be presumed
that the contemporary Bodo king who ruled
in the Kamrupa kingdom, Kumar Vaskar Burman,
who was so learned, might practice a written
Bodo literature in the same script as to
the Tibetan language which had a close affinity
with that of the Bodo language, the origin
of the speakers of which the language was
the Bod-yul, Bod-pa, Bod-sa as stated above.
The ought there was practice of writing
probably among the royal families of the
Bodo kings of the North-East of their language.
It might be discontinued after conversion
into Hinduism and the practice of learning
was then made through Sanskrit which was
so powerful language of Aryans then, with
which a system of transliteration was also
introduced with that of Tibetan language
during the seventh century which may be
known from the pen of the Rev.H.Jasckhe's,
in the history of Tibetan literature in
the introduction to his Tibetan English
Dictionary as stated by G.A.Greirson's Linguistic
Survey of India Vol. No. III in Part I,
in Page 17.
Whatever may be the reasons in this regard,
in process of time, Bodos thought, they
had a close link with the Tibetan as their
origin Bodo-yul, Bod-pa or Bod-sa ; they
came to be the tribes without written literature
though happen to be the most rich and powerful
spoken language in the North-East even after
the ruins of their capitals - Pragjyotishpura,
Dimapur, Maibong, Khaspur, Chikina or Chiknajhar,
Cooch Behar (Bengal) compared to pre and
post renaissance period of the western world.
It may clearly said that the Bodos were
not conscious linguistically even during
the renaissance period. However, Bodo scholars,
historians should at this best time, search
for the truth escalating those ruined capitals
of the Bodo kingdoms .
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